It was only in the XXI century, after the industrial boom of the XX century, when humanity extracted and used natural resources, without thinking about the impact of these actions on the environment, which, of course, affects the future of mankind, that they began to attach importance to environmental challenges. Humanity has to cope with many consequences of unresolved environmental problems today, not only at the regional level, but also at the global level.

Absolute transition to a low carbon economy in the Arctic is impossible to achieve 100%, said the Ambassador-at-large of the foreign Ministry of the Russian Federation, Chairman of the Committee of senior officials of the Arctic Council Nikolai Korchunov.

"We are speaking about the transition to a climate neutral low-carbon economy should not forget about the inhabitants of the Arctic, about the tough conditions in which they live. Obviously, not 100% solutions based on renewable energy sources will work everywhere," Korshunov told the conference on green energy in the Arctic "How to achieve carbon neutrality in the Arctic."

According to him, both diesel and carbon raw materials will be needed in the foreseeable future.
"The main thing is that this transition is predictable, stable, stable and does not lead to shock shocks that we are now seeing in real time," the Ambassador-at-Large added.

Flight tests of the first Russian satellite "Arctic-M" for monitoring the climate of the Arctic region have been completed, the spacecraft has been put into operation, Roscosmos reported.

"The State Commission reviewed the results of flight tests, decided to complete the tests, recommended that the Arctic-M system with the Arctic-M spacecraft number 1 be put into operation," the message on the state corporation's website says.

The first Arktika-M satellite was launched in February 2021. It solves the tasks of operational meteorology, hydrology, agrometeorology, climate and environmental monitoring in the Arctic region. To do this, the satellite is equipped with two multi-zone scanning devices that will make multispectral images of clouds and the Earth's surface in the visible and infrared ranges.

In addition, a heliogeophysical hardware complex for monitoring and forecasting solar flare activity and the radiation situation in near-Earth space, as well as equipment for relaying meteorological information and signals from emergency beacons of the international space search and rescue system COSPAS-SARSAT, is installed on Arktika-M.

The Russian orbital constellation for climate and environmental monitoring in the Arctic region will consist of two Arctic-M satellites. This will provide round-the-clock all-weather monitoring of the Earth's surface and the seas of the Arctic Ocean. The launch of the second "Arctic-M" is scheduled in 2023, three more satellites - in 2024-2025. They are supposed to be replaced by five new-generation Arctic-MP satellites after 2025.

"Heat bombs" affect the melting of ice in the Arctic, but it is impossible to consider "bombs" as the main cause of the melting of Arctic ice, since this natural mechanism worked long before climate change, explained Roman Vilfand, scientific director of the Hydrometeorological Center.
Earlier, an article was published by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (USA), in which American, British and German scientists investigated how the waters move from the Pacific to the Arctic Ocean. At the same time, the study talked about "heat bombs" that penetrate the Arctic and destroy sea ice.
Scientists have discovered that there are large volumes of warm water under the surface water in the Pacific Ocean. They are the "bombs", because when they float to the surface, the ice is destroyed, " said Vilfand. Vilfand explained that scientists were able to accurately describe how water flows from the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans to the Arctic Ocean, which is very little studied. The scientist noted that it is impossible to say that the reduction of ice in the Arctic is due to" heat bombs "and that" bombs " are a key manifestation of climate change in the Arctic.
As Vilfand explained, on the surface of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, the water is salty due to the constant evaporation of water from the surface, and the fresh part evaporates. Therefore, the salt content on the surface is significant. In the Arctic Ocean, it is much smaller.
"It is there (under the ice of the Arctic Ocean - ed.) cold and fresh, and on the surface of the Pacific Ocean - salty and warm ... Salt water is denser than fresh, so when more salty waters of the Pacific Ocean come through the Bering Strait, they sink, as if diving under the colder water that comes into contact with the ocean… There are really large volumes of warm water circulating there, they seem to come to the surface, and the ice begins to melt, " Vilfand explained.
He noted that the same situation is developing with the ingress of water from the Atlantic Ocean into the western sector of the Arctic.
"Can this lead to an acceleration of warming in the Arctic Ocean? Due to what, this is not a process that has just begun. This has always been the case, so you need to be more calm. All the factors (warming - ed.) that exist are evaluated. The main problem is greenhouse gases, " Vilfand added.

Carbon dioxide emissions in the Arctic caused by wildfires in the summer of 2020, called a record, for comparison, this is 35% more than for the entire last year. As of August 24, emissions exceeded 245 megatons.
Yakutia was the most severely affected: 395 million tons of CO2 were emitted from its entire territory (including the Arctic part). Also in 2020, there was a fire in the tundra just 50 kilometers South of the Arctic ocean, and it is considered the northernmost fire in the history of observations.
Mark Parrington, senior fellow at the European center for medium-term weather forecasts, said that the weather conditions in the summer of 2020 were abnormally dry and hot for the Arctic and this was probably the main cause of the fires.
Climatologists also specify: "Fires reach such proportions due to the increase in the global average air temperature, and the burning of forests accelerates the course of climate change." Such fires are not only caused by the climate crisis, but can also increase it. Fires also accelerate the melting of permafrost and release deposits of methane and other greenhouse gases that have been frozen for thousands of years.

The large-scale climate changes that have fallen on this century affect the entire planet, but are most noticeable in the Arctic, says Heinrich Alekseev, a representative of the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute of Roshydromet.